For a conscious patient with suspected hyperglycemia, which treatment is appropriate?

• A. Sugar
• B. Glucagon
• C. CPR
• D. Insulin

Answer: (D)

When blood glucose is high, the goal is to lower it and correct the metabolic disturbances, such as those seen in diabetic crises. The most direct and effective way to achieve this is by using insulin, which helps glucose move into muscle and fat cells and also suppresses glucose production by the liver. This tackles the root of hyperglycemia and helps prevent progression to serious complications like diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar states.

Giving sugar would worsen the high glucose level, so it’s not appropriate. Glucagon raises blood glucose by releasing glucose from the liver, but it’s used for hypoglycemia rather than hyperglycemia. CPR is for cardiac or respiratory arrest and doesn’t address elevated blood sugar. In a conscious patient, insulin therapy should be used under medical supervision with appropriate monitoring and fluid/electrolyte management as needed.