In the sequence of actions to manage shock, which is the second step?

• A. Call 999.
• B. Stop further blood loss.
• C. Lay patient flat and raise legs.
• D. Keep patient warm.

Answer: (B)

In managing shock, the priority is to preserve circulating blood and perfusion. After you have summoned help, the next crucial action is to stop any external bleeding. Ongoing blood loss rapidly worsens shock by draining volume and dropping blood pressure, so controlling the source of bleeding is the most immediate way to stabilize the patient while waiting for this emergency team. In practice, apply direct pressure with a clean dressing to any wound and avoid removing dressings once they’re in place. Only after bleeding is being controlled should you position the patient to aid circulation (flat with legs raised if no spinal injury) and work to keep them warm. This sequence targets the most life-threatening factor first, which is the continuing loss of blood.